Ilimin ƙa'idar aiki na injin buroshi da injin buroshi

Brush motor aiki ka'idar

Babban tsarinbabur gogashine stator + rotor + brush, kuma ana samun karfin ta hanyar jujjuya filin maganadisu don fitar da kuzarin motsa jiki.Buga koyaushe yana cikin hulɗa tare da commutator don gudanar da wutar lantarki da canza lokaci a juyawa.

Motar Brush tana AMFANI da motsi na inji, igiyar maganadisu baya motsawa, jujjuyawar nada.Lokacin da motar ke aiki, coil da mai haɗawa suna juyawa, yayin da magnetic karfe da goga na carbon ba sa. Canjin canjin nada na yanzu yana samuwa ta hanyar mai motsi da goga wanda ke juyawa tare da motar.

A cikin injin goga, wannan tsari shine a haɗa ƙarshen shigarwar wutar lantarki guda biyu na nada, bi da bi, an shirya shi cikin zobe, an raba shi tare da kayan rufewa tsakanin juna, samar da wani abu kamar Silinda, zama kwayoyin halitta akai-akai tare da sandar motar. , wutar lantarki ta hanyar ƙananan ginshiƙai guda biyu da aka yi da carbon (buroshi na carbon), a ƙarƙashin aikin matsi na bazara, daga ƙayyadaddun matsayi guda biyu, matsa lamba akan shigarwar wutar lantarki, maki biyu na madauwari na cylindrical madauwari zuwa nada na saitin wutar lantarki.

Kamar yaddamotajuyawa, daban-daban coils ko sanduna daban-daban na coil iri ɗaya ana ƙarfafa su a lokuta daban-daban, ta yadda za a sami bambancin kusurwa mai dacewa tsakanin igiyoyin ns na coil ɗin da ke samar da filin maganadisu da ns pole na madaidaicin magnet stator mafi kusa. Filayen Magnetic suna jan hankalin juna kuma suna tunkude juna, suna haifar da karfi da tura motar don jujjuya su. The carbon electrode yana zamewa akan kan waya kamar goga a saman wani abu, don haka sunan "brush".

Zamiya tare da juna zai haifar da rikici da asarar gogewar carbon, wanda ke buƙatar sauyawa akai-akai. Canja wurin kunnawa da kashewa tsakanin goshin carbon da shugaban waya na coil na iya haifar da walƙiya na lantarki, fashewar electromagnetic da tsoma baki tare da kayan lantarki.

Ka'idar aikin injin mara goge

A cikin injin da ba shi da goga, ana yin motsi ta hanyar da'irar sarrafawa a cikin mai sarrafawa (gabaɗaya firikwensin zauren + mai sarrafawa, kuma ƙarin fasahar ci gaba ita ce magnetic encoder).

Motar da ba ta da gogewa tana AMFANI da na'urar sadarwa ta lantarki, nada baya motsawa, igiyar maganadisu tana jujjuyawa.Motar mara goge tana AMFANI da saitin na'urorin lantarki don gane matsayin igiyar maganadisu na maganadisu na dindindin ta hanyar hall element SS2712. Bisa ga wannan ma'ana, ana amfani da da'irar lantarki don canza yanayin halin yanzu a cikin coil a daidai lokacin da ya dace don tabbatar da samar da ƙarfin maganadisu a daidai hanyar da za ta fitar da motar.

Ana kiran waɗannan da'irori masu sarrafa motoci.Mai kula da injin ɗin da ba shi da buroshi kuma zai iya gane wasu ayyuka waɗanda injin ɗin ba zai iya gane su ba, kamar daidaita kusurwar wutar lantarki, injin birki, yin jujjuyawar motar, kulle motar, da yin amfani da injin. siginar birki don tsayar da wutar lantarki ga motar.Yanzu motar baturi na kulle ƙararrawar lantarki, akan cikakken amfani da waɗannan ayyuka.

Brushless dc motor wani samfurin mechatronics ne na yau da kullun, wanda ya ƙunshi jikin motar da direba.Tunda injin ɗin dc ɗin ba ya aiki a cikin yanayin sarrafawa ta atomatik, ba zai ƙara jujjuyawar farawa zuwa na'ura mai juyi ba kamar injin ɗin daidaitawa tare da ƙa'idar saurin mitar mai canzawa. kuma nauyi mai nauyi ya fara, kuma ba zai haifar da oscillation ba kuma ya fita lokacin da nauyin ya canza.

Bambancin yanayin ƙayyadaddun saurin gudu tsakanin injin goga da injin buroshi

A haƙiƙa, sarrafa nau'ikan injin guda biyu ƙa'idar ƙarfin lantarki ne, amma saboda brushless dc AMFANI da na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa, don haka ana iya samun shi ta hanyar sarrafa dijital, kuma brushless dc yana ta hanyar isar da goga ta carbon, ta amfani da da'irar analog na gargajiya na silicon ana iya sarrafa shi. , in mun gwada da sauki.

1. Tsarin saurin tsari na injin buroshi shine daidaita wutar lantarki na wutar lantarki na motar.Bayan daidaitawa, ƙarfin lantarki da na yanzu suna canzawa ta hanyar sadarwa da goga don canza ƙarfin magnetic filin ta hanyar lantarki don cimma nasarar. Dalilin canza saurin gudu. Wannan tsari ana kiransa da tsarin matsa lamba.

2. Tsarin ka'ida na sauri na injin buroshi shine cewa ƙarfin wutar lantarki na motar ya kasance baya canzawa, ana canza siginar sarrafawa na daidaitawar wutar lantarki, kuma ana canza canjin canjin bututun MOS mai ƙarfi ta microprocessor zuwa gane canjin saurin.Wannan tsari ana kiransa juyawa mita.

Bambancin ayyuka

1. Motar Brush yana da tsari mai sauƙi, tsawon lokacin ci gaba da fasaha mai girma

A baya a cikin karni na 19, lokacin da aka haifi motar, motar mai amfani ita ce nau'i mai gogewa, wato ac squirrel-cage asynchronous motor, wanda aka yi amfani da shi sosai bayan tsarawar yanzu. Duk da haka, motar asynchronous yana da lahani da yawa da ba za a iya jurewa ba, don haka cewa ci gaban fasahar mota yana jinkirin.Musamman, babur dc motor ba a iya saka shi cikin aikin kasuwanci ba. Tare da saurin haɓaka fasahar lantarki, an sanya shi a hankali a cikin kasuwancin kasuwanci har zuwa 'yan shekarun nan. A zahiri, har yanzu yana cikin nau'in injin ac.

An haifi Motar Brushless ba da dadewa ba, mutane sun ƙirƙira motar dc ba tare da gogewa ba.Saboda injin ɗin injin ɗin dc ɗin yana da sauƙi, mai sauƙin samarwa da sarrafawa, mai sauƙin kulawa, mai sauƙin sarrafawa; DC Motor kuma yana da saurin amsawa, babban ƙarfin farawa, da zai iya samar da aikin karfin juyi mai ƙima daga saurin sifili zuwa saurin ƙididdigewa, don haka an yi amfani da shi sosai da zarar ya fito.

2. Motar dc maras goge yana da saurin amsawa da sauri da babban karfin farawa

Dc brushless motor yana da saurin farawa mai sauri, babban karfin farawa mai ƙarfi, canjin saurin barga, kusan ba a jin rawar jiki daga sifili zuwa matsakaicin saurin, kuma yana iya fitar da babban kaya lokacin farawa. Ƙarfin wutar lantarki ƙarami ne, ƙarfin farawa yana da ƙananan ƙananan, sautin farawa yana buzzing, tare da rawar jiki mai karfi, kuma nauyin tuki yana da ƙananan lokacin farawa.

3. Motar dc maras goge tana aiki lafiya kuma yana da tasiri mai kyau na birki

Motar da ba ta da buroshi ana sarrafa ta ta hanyar ka'idojin wutar lantarki, don haka farawa da birki sun tsaya tsayin daka, haka nan kuma aikin saurin gudu ya tsaya tsayin daka. kuma yana sarrafa saurin ta hanyar canjin mita. Don haka, injin ɗin da ba shi da buroshi ba ya tafiya daidai lokacin farawa da birki, tare da babban rawar jiki, kuma zai kasance karko ne kawai lokacin da saurin ya kasance akai-akai.

4, dc goga injin sarrafa madaidaicin yana da girma

Dc brushless motor yawanci ana amfani dashi tare da akwatin ragewa da dikodi don sanya ikon fitarwa na injin ya fi girma kuma daidaitaccen sarrafawa mafi girma, daidaitaccen sarrafawa zai iya kaiwa 0.01 mm, kusan zai iya barin sassan motsi su tsaya a kowane wuri da ake so. kayan aiki sune daidaitattun sarrafa motsi na dc.Tun da motar ba ta da ƙarfi a lokacin farawa da birki, sassan motsi za su tsaya a wurare daban-daban a kowane lokaci, kuma za a iya dakatar da matsayi da ake so kawai ta hanyar saka fil ko matsayi. mai iyaka.

5, dc goga motar amfani da farashi yana da ƙasa, mai sauƙin kulawa

Saboda sauƙin tsarin injin dc mara amfani, ƙarancin samarwa, masana'antun da yawa, fasahar balagagge, don haka ana amfani da shi sosai, kamar masana'antu, kayan aikin injin sarrafawa, kayan aikin daidaitaccen kayan aiki, da sauransu, idan gazawar motar, kawai maye gurbin goga na carbon. , Kowane carbon goga kawai bukatar 'yan daloli, sosai cheap.Brushless motor fasahar ba balagagge, farashin ne mafi girma, aikace-aikace ikon yinsa da iyaka, yafi ya kamata a cikin akai gudun kayan aiki, kamar mita hira kwandishan, firiji, da dai sauransu. , Za a iya maye gurbin lalacewar mota mara goge.

6, babu goga, ƙananan tsangwama

Motocin da ba su da goge goge suna cire goga, mafi yawan canjin kai tsaye shi ne rashin gogawar wutar lantarki, don haka yana rage tsangwama ta wutar lantarki zuwa kayan aikin rediyo mai nisa.

7. Low amo da santsi aiki

Ba tare da goge-goge ba, motar da ba ta da gogewa za ta sami ƙarancin juzu'i yayin aiki, aiki mai santsi da ƙaranci da yawa, wanda babban tallafi ne ga kwanciyar hankali na aikin ƙirar.

8. Rayuwa mai tsawo da ƙarancin kulawa

Ƙarƙashin gogewa, lalacewar motar da ba ta da goga ya fi girma a cikin ɗaukar hoto, daga mahangar inji, babur ɗin babur kusan motar da ba ta da kulawa, idan ya cancanta, kawai a yi gyaran ƙura.

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