Brushless motor control mfundo

Kuwongolera kuyendetsa galimoto ndikuwongolera kusinthasintha kwa injini kapena kuyimitsa, ndi liwiro la kuzungulira.Gawo loyendetsa galimoto limatchedwanso electronic speed controller (ESC) .Kusintha kwamagetsi kumagwirizana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ma motors osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo brushless ndi brush magetsi kusintha.

Maginito okhazikika a burashi-motor amakhazikika, koyiloyo imadulidwa kuzungulira rotor, ndipo mayendedwe a maginito amasinthidwa ndi kukhudzana kosalekeza pakati pa burashi ndi commutator kuti rotor ikhale yozungulira mosalekeza.

Galimoto yopanda maburashi, monga momwe dzina lake likusonyezera, ilibe zomwe zimatchedwa burashi ndi commutator.Rotor yake ndi maginito okhazikika, pomwe koyiloyo imakhazikika.Zimagwirizanitsidwa mwachindunji ndi magetsi akunja.

M'malo mwake, mota ya brushless imafunikiranso kazembe wamagetsi, yemwe kwenikweni ndi galimoto.Zimasintha njira yomwe ili mkati mwa coil yokhazikika nthawi iliyonse, kuti zitsimikizire kuti mphamvu pakati pake ndi maginito okhazikika ndizosagwirizana ndipo kusinthasintha kosalekeza kungapitirire.

Brushless motor imatha kugwira ntchito popanda kufunikira kwa kusintha kwamagetsi, kuperekera mwachindunji kwamagetsi kugalimoto kumatha kugwira ntchito, koma izi sizingathe kuwongolera liwiro lagalimoto.Moto ya Brushless iyenera kukhala ndi kusintha kwamagetsi, kapena siyingazungulira.Pakali pano iyenera kusinthidwa kukhala atatu - gawo alternating panopa ndi brushless panopa malamulo.

Kusintha koyambirira kwamagetsi sikuli ngati kusintha kwamagetsi kwamakono, koyambirira ndi kusintha kwamagetsi kwa brush, adanena izi zomwe mungafune kufunsa, kusintha kwa magetsi kwa brushless ndi chiyani, ndipo tsopano kusintha kwa magetsi kwa brushless kuli ndi kusiyana kotani.

Ndipotu, pali kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa brushless ndi brushless zochokera galimoto.Tsopano rotor ya injini, yomwe ndi gawo lomwe lingathe kuzungulira, ndilo chitsulo chonse cha maginito, ndipo koyiloyo ndi stator yomwe siimazungulira, chifukwa palibe burashi ya carbon pakati, iyi ndi motor brushless.

Ndipo mota ya burashi, monga momwe dzina limanenera ndi burashi ya kaboni, ndiye kuti pali mota ya burashi, monga momwe ana nthawi zambiri timasewera ndi chowongolera chakutali cha mota ndi burashi.

Malinga ndi mitundu iwiri ya makina magetsi ndi dzina la burashi ndi burashi - ufulu magetsi regulation.Kuchokera katswiri maganizo ndi burashi ndi linanena bungwe mwachindunji panopa, brushless mphamvu linanena bungwe ndi atatu gawo mac.

Direct current ndi magetsi omwe amasungidwa mu batire yathu, yomwe imatha kugawidwa m'mitengo yabwino komanso yoyipa.Mphamvu yamagetsi yapanyumba yathu ya 220V, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito potchaja foni yam'manja kapena kompyuta, ndi ac.Ac imakhala ndi ma frequency ena, nthawi zambiri imakhala mzere wa kuphatikiza ndi kuchotsera, kuphatikiza ndi kuchotsera mmbuyo ndi mtsogolo kusinthana; mlongoti ndi mzati negative.

Tsopano kuti ac ndi dc zamveka bwino, magetsi a magawo atatu ndi chiyani? Malinga ndi chiphunzitsocho, magawo atatu osinthira magetsi ndi njira yotumizira magetsi, yomwe imatchedwa magetsi a magawo atatu, omwe ali ndi mphamvu zitatu zosinthana ndi zofanana. pafupipafupi, matalikidwe ofanana ndi kusiyana kwa gawo la madigiri 120 motsatizana.

Kunena zambiri, ndi banja lathu atatu alternating panopa, kuwonjezera voteji, pafupipafupi, galimoto Angle ndi osiyana, ena ndi ofanana, tsopano kwa magawo atatu magetsi ndi mwachindunji panopa kumvetsa.

Brushless, athandizira ndi mwachindunji panopa, kudzera fyuluta capacitor kukhazikika voteji. Onse awiri ndiye anawagawa mu msewu awiri, njira yonse ndi magetsi ankalamulira BEC ntchito, BEC ndi wolandila ndi magetsi ankalamulira MCU ntchito magetsi, linanena bungwe kuti. wolandila chingwe chamagetsi ndi mizere yofiira pamzere ndi mzere wakuda, winayo akukhudzidwa ndi chubu la MOS kuti agwiritse ntchito njira yonse, apa, magetsi oyendetsedwa ndi magetsi, SCM inayamba, kuyendetsa chitoliro cha MOS kugwedezeka, kupanga madontho amoto akudontha. phokoso.

Zosintha zina zamagetsi zimakhala ndi ntchito yowongolera ma throttle.Asanalowe mu standby system, idzayang'anitsitsa ngati throttle malo ndi apamwamba kapena otsika kapena pakati.Ngati throttle malo ndi mkulu, izo alowa mu calibration wa magetsi kusintha ulendo.

Chilichonse chikakonzeka, makina ang'onoang'ono a single-chip pakusintha kwamagetsi amasankha voteji ndi ma frequency, komanso komwe akuyendetsa ndikulowetsa Angle kuti ayendetse liwiro la mota ndikutembenukira molingana ndi siginecha ya PWM. brushless electromodulation mfundo.

Pamene galimoto yoyendetsa galimoto ikugwira ntchito, magulu atatu a MOS chubu amagwira ntchito mkati mwa kusintha kwa magetsi, awiri pagulu lililonse, zotsatira zabwino ndizowongolera, zowongolera zoipa, pamene zotsatira zabwino, zotsatira zoipa, osati zoipa, kutulutsa kumakhala kwakukulu, kwapanga njira yosinthira, komanso, kuti achite ntchitoyi, magulu atatu afupipafupi awo ndi 8000 hz.Kulankhula za izi, malamulo a magetsi opanda brushless amakhalanso ofanana ndi galimoto ya fakitale yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa frequency converter kapena bwanamkubwa.

Zomwe zimalowetsedwa ndi dc, nthawi zambiri zimayendetsedwa ndi mabatire a lithiamu.Kutulutsa kwake ndi magawo atatu ac, omwe amatha kuyendetsa galimotoyo mwachindunji.

Kuonjezera apo, kazembe wamagetsi wa brushless airmodel alinso ndi mizere itatu yolowera chizindikiro, chizindikiro cha PWM chothandizira, chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwongolera liwiro la injini.

Nanga ndichifukwa chiyani mukufunikira kukonza kwapadera kwamagetsi pa quad, chapadera ndi chiyani pa izo?

Quad ili ndi ma OARS anayi, ndipo OARS awiriwa ndi ozungulira.

Kutalika kwa nkhafi iliyonse ndi yaying'ono, ndipo mphamvu yapakati imabalalitsidwa pamene OARS inayi imazungulira. Mosiyana ndi paddle yowongoka, pali mphamvu imodzi yokha ya centrifugal yomwe imapanga mphamvu yapakati yomwe imapanga katundu wa gyroscopic, kuteteza fuselage kuti isatembenuke. mwachangu.

Chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa zosinthika za siginecha yowongolera zida ndizotsika kwambiri.

Ma axis anayi kuti ayankhe mwachangu, poyankha kusintha kwapambuyo chifukwa cha kugwedezeka, kumafunika kusinthika kwamagetsi othamanga kwambiri, kuthamanga kwapang'onopang'ono kwa PPM yamagetsi yoyendetsedwa ndi 50 hz yokha, sikukwaniritsa kufunikira kowongolera liwiro, ndi magetsi a PPM. kulamulira MCU anamanga-PID, akhoza kusintha liwiro makhalidwe a ochiritsira chitsanzo ndege kupereka yosalala, pa olamulira anayi si koyenera, anayi olamulira galimoto liwiro kusintha pakufunika ndi anachita mwamsanga.

Ndi kusintha kwapadera kwa magetsi othamanga kwambiri, chizindikiro cha IIC bus interface transmission control, chingathe kukwaniritsa mazana masauzande a kusintha kwa liwiro la galimoto pamphindikati, mu ndege ya ma axis anayi, mphindi yamaganizo ikhoza kukhala yokhazikika. osakwanira.

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