Brushless vs Brushed Motors: Ndi Iti Yoyenera Ntchito Yanu?

Mawu Oyamba

Mitundu iwiri yodziwika bwino yama motors a DC ndi ma brushed motors ndi brushless motors (BLDC motors). Monga momwe dzinalo limatanthawuzira, ma motors opukutidwa amagwiritsa ntchito maburashi kuti asunthire komwe akupita, kulola kuti injiniyo izizungulira. Mosiyana ndi izi, ma mota a Brushless amalowetsa ntchito yosinthira makina ndikuwongolera zamagetsi. Mitundu yonse iwiri imagwira ntchito pa mfundo yofanana, yomwe ndi kukopa maginito ndi kuthamangitsidwa kwa maginito pakati pa koyilo ndi maginito okhazikika. Iliyonse ili ndi zabwino ndi zovuta zake, zomwe zingakhudze kusankha kwanu kutengera zomwe mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito. Kumvetsetsa kusiyana pakati pa ma brushed DC motors ndi brushless DC motors ndikofunikira kuti muwone momwe amagwirira ntchito. Chisankho chosankha mtundu umodzi pamtundu wina chimachokera pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo kuchita bwino, nthawi ya moyo ndi mtengo.

Zinthu zofunika pakusiyanitsa pakati pa brushed ndi brushless DC Motor:

#1. Bwino Mwachangu

Ma motors opanda maburashi ndi othandiza kwambiri kuposa ma motors opukutidwa. Amasintha mphamvu zamagetsi kukhala mphamvu zamakina molunjika kwambiri, motero amachepetsa kuwononga mphamvu. Mosiyana ndi ma brushed DC motors, ma brushless motors samakumana ndi kukangana kapena kutaya mphamvu komwe kumakhudzana ndi maburashi ndi ma commutators. Izi zimathandizira magwiridwe antchito, zimawonjezera nthawi yothamanga, komanso zimachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu.

Mosiyana ndi izi, ma motors opukutidwa amawonedwa ngati osagwira ntchito bwino kuposa ma brushless DC motors chifukwa cha kutayika kwamagetsi komwe kumakhudzana ndi kukangana ndi kusamutsa mphamvu kudzera pama commutator system.

#2. Kusamalira ndi Moyo Wautali

Ma motors opanda brushkukhala ndi magawo osuntha ochepa komanso opanda zolumikizira zamakina, zomwe zimapangitsa moyo wautali komanso kuchepetsa zofunika pakukonza. Kusowa kwa maburashi kumathetsa mavuto okhudzana ndi kuvala maburashi ndi zina zosamalira. Chifukwa chake, ma motors opanda brush nthawi zambiri amakhala njira yotsika mtengo kwa ogwiritsa ntchito.

Kuphatikiza apo, ma motors opukutidwa amafunikira chisamaliro chochulukirapo chifukwa chakuvala ndi kung'ambika pamaburashi ndi ma commutator, zomwe zingayambitse kuchepa kwa magwiridwe antchito ndi zovuta zamagalimoto. Kuti maburashi azikhala bwino, amafunika kusinthidwa pafupipafupi.

#3. Phokoso ndi Kugwedezeka

M'ma motors opanda brush, mafunde amatha kuwongoleredwa, omwe amathandizira kuchepetsa kugunda kwa torque komwe kungayambitse kugwedezeka komanso phokoso lamakina. Chifukwa chake, ma motors opanda maburashi nthawi zambiri amatulutsa phokoso locheperako komanso kugwedezeka kuposa ma motor brushed. chifukwa alibe maburashi kapena commutators. Kuchepetsa kugwedezeka ndi phokoso kumathandizira kutonthoza kwa ogwiritsa ntchito ndikuchepetsa kung'ambika ndikugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali.

Mu motor brushed DC, maburashi ndi commutator amagwira ntchito limodzi ngati makina osinthira. Pamene injini ikuyenda, masiwichi awa amatsegula ndikutseka nthawi zonse. Njirayi imalola kuti mafunde okwera azitha kudutsa muzitsulo zopangira inductive, kutulutsa phokoso lamagetsi laling'ono chifukwa cha kutuluka kwakukulu kwamakono.

#4. Mtengo ndi Kuvuta

Ma motors opanda brush amakhala okwera mtengo komanso ovuta chifukwa chamagetsi owongolera pamayendedwe. Mtengo wapamwamba wa brushless DC motors poyerekeza ndima brushed DC motorsmakamaka chifukwa cha zamagetsi zapamwamba zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi mapangidwe awo.

#5. Kupanga ndi Kuchita

Ma motors a Brushless DC sadziyendetsa okha. Amafunikira dera loyendetsa lomwe limagwiritsa ntchito ma transistors kuti aziwongolera zomwe zikuyenda kudzera pamakoyilo oyendera ma mota. Ma motors awa amagwiritsa ntchito zowongolera zamagetsi ndi masensa a Hall kuti aziwongolera zomwe zikuchitika pamakona, m'malo modalira kulumikizana ndi makina.

Ma motors a Brushed DC amadzisintha okha, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti safuna kuti woyendetsa galimoto azigwira ntchito. M'malo mwake, amagwiritsa ntchito maburashi amakina ndi ma commutators kuti athe kuwongolera zomwe zikuchitika mu ma windings, potero amapanga mphamvu yamaginito. Mphamvu ya maginito iyi imapanga torque, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti injiniyo izizungulira.

#6. Mapulogalamu

Monga mtengo wavibration motorsndipo magetsi omwe amalumikizana nawo akupitilira kuchepa, kufunikira kwa ma motors opanda brushless ndi ma brushed motors kukuchulukirachulukira. Ma motors a Brushless ndi otchuka kwambiri pamawotchi anzeru, zida zamankhwala, zida zokongola, maloboti, ndi zina zambiri.

Koma palinso malo omwe ma motors a brushed amamveka bwino. Pali kugwiritsa ntchito kwakukulu kwa ma motors brushed mu mafoni a m'manja, ndudu za e-fodya, zowongolera masewera a kanema, zosisita maso, ndi zina zambiri.